Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Enrique Melamed-Varela
Author-Name: Leonardo Navarro-Vargas
Author-Name: Ana Blanco-Ariza
Author-Name: Enohemit Olivero-Vega
Title:  Vínculo Universidad-Empresa-Estado para el fomento de la innovación en sistemas regionales: estudio documental
Abstract: Resumen:Gestionar innovación en los territorios representa una estrategia de diferenciación para lograr resultados satisfactorios en reportes de competitividad, por ello este trabajo está orientado a revisar la contribución en el fomento de la innovación en sistemas regionales desde los actores clave: universidades, empresas, estado y su vinculación, quienes han sido parte vital del constructo de principios de economías basadas en conocimiento. El análisis documental en fuentes secundarias ha permitido identificar que desde los sistemas regionales se requiere la integración de actores e instituciones clave orientados a proyectos de fortalecimiento de las capacidades territoriales y resultados tecnológicos basados en el conocimiento.Abstract:The state of the art on innovation has allowed the position which rank the concept like a key tool in processes of organizations at knowledge's society, that characterizes the territories and regions of today, however, their appropriation still presents limitations on organizations, positioning itself as possible causes: the scarce investment in science and technology by some regions or the entrenched traditionalist thinking from some type of organizations, especially in contexts such as Latin American, where these limitations still prevail in the performance of various territorial actors including some business, higher education’s institutions and government agencies.
The theoretical framework of this paper, has focused on regional innovation systems as a point of reference for competitiveness and innovation and economic development on territories, at the same way it has been exposed relevance acquired between industry, university and government actors in collective construction of platforms for growth and economic development in territories, and for their integration and social cohesion; finally, regional strategy for promotion and execution of scientific research, development and innovation projects whose results contributes to respond to the needs and social problems which each territorial environment presents.
The analyzed theoretical referents agree on idea that the Latin America context, despite its advances in economic growth, still require improve the results of its innovation regional systems and evidence a greater work of its social institutions, in such a way that through a constructive form of actors, which is aimed to generate and develop innovative processes; at same way, that knowledge is positioned as one of assets of organizations that facilitate to appropriation of innovative activity, being the linking element of proposed institutions in triple helix model, since its directly related to scientific research activity for its construction (higher education institutions), its practical application (industry and business companies) and the definition of policies of scientific and academic according to regional interests (government).
On this way, the diverse theories of university-industry-government linkage has been seen as a key concept to build capabilities and initiatives to promote the design and execution of projects adjusted to regional resources and capacities, which responses the problems of each context, however, today to deeper dependence on the subject, requiring a glimpse of the dependence between actors, power relations and expected results through collective constructions that allow evidence of university-industry-government linkage and contribute to improving conditions and performance of regional systems of innovation on different territorial competitiveness reports.
Extrapolating the concepts which has been analyzed in the case of Colombia, starting from the results in science, technology and innovation how referents about territorial performance, it becomes evident the limited investment of Gross Domestic Product in research and development stands out, characterizing the national territory for its heterogeneity of results both on the relative contribution to economic structure from the country, as the performance of its regional innovation systems; in spite of the direction in subjects which have been directed towards achievement of major recognitions on international scientific communities and under standards that advocate for the high quality of the scientific production.
The results of the national science, technology and innovation policy in Colombia are also aimed at improving the quality of results of scientific production, as well as the formation of high level human capital and social appropriation from different knowledge, looking for the joint working from universities, technological development centers, business companies and the government, as a link oriented to achievement of programs and projects responding to problems demanded by different scenarios and parts of country's national science, technology and innovation system.
For development of documentary review, the study assumes an descriptive-documentary research approach, which has been methodologically based on secondary sources that characterized by their scientific contribution, formalization in official platforms and circuits with international visibility; in such a way that the arguments set forth are supported by reliable and up-to-date information on academic and scientific debates that take place at the frontiers of knowledge about the promotion of innovation in university-industry-government organizations and relationships at territorial contexts.
Documentary review has reached a total of 51 bibliographical references among scientific articles, specialized books, papers from academic conferences and official documents from certified entities, which has been developed under a constructivist and critical approach, it’s given a conceptual construct of innovation and the different forms of university-industry-government linkage and its convergence like actors in the dynamics of the system of science, technology and innovation, as well as the forces which determine the innovative processes of territories and the role that the concepts have acquired on the basis for the fundamental decisions and the actions of interrelationship with interest groups to promote knowledge and innovation.
The results and contributions to academic discussion for the promotion of innovation from the university-industry-government linkage, it has been determined in main characteristics which have been alluded to the concept on science, technology and innovation national system, materialized their results in: categorization of research groups, highly innovative companies, higher impact scientific production, among others. These elements have been positioned as indicators of competitive performance and generators of economic development in territories with the principles of innovative activity applied to organizations, according to its development in the front of sciences and the practical exercise in different disciplines which integrate schools in higher education institutions and activities of each business or government agency; fortifying the public service of education and performance of human and intellectual capital at territories and innovation regional systems.
This series of data, also allow establish the real image of a territorial system, which has made significant progress in science, technology and innovation, but still requires greater efforts to advance the construction of a distinguished scientific nation that develop projects of high impact from the communion university-industry-government, its aimed to achieve a better private investment in research, development and innovation, reach a critical mass of researchers according to the number of higher education institutions, high-level scientific production according with quality standards of international scientific communities, its entrepreneurial nature leads actions that respond to social problems and fosters collective construction for the sustainable development of their knowledge, quality education, value added goods and services and a sustainable socio-economic environment based on knowledge, technology and innovation.
Classification-JEL: R1
Keywords: Vínculo Universidad-Empresa-Estado, Economías Basadas en el Conocimiento, Actividades Innovación, Sistemas Regionales de Innovación, Triple Hélice, University-Industry-Government Linkage, Knowledge Economy, Eco-innovation, Regional Systems, Triple Helix
Pages: 147-169
Volume: 1
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.revistaestudiosregionales.com/documentos/articulos/pdf-articulo-2565.pdf
File-Format: Application/pdf
Handle: RePEc:rer:articu:v:1:y:2019:p:147-169