Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alba Lucía Galvis Gómez
Author-Name: Juliana María Benavides Castillo
Author-Name: Jhon Jairo Mosquera Rodas
Title:  El papel del gobierno corporativo en los fondos de empleados del sistema solidario colombiano
Abstract: Resumen:El presente trabajoplantea el análisis acerca de la relación existente entre el Gobierno Corporativo y el desempeño de los órganos de administración y control, en entidades sin ánimo de lucro, en este caso, fondos de empleados.  Es necesario resaltar que el éxito de estas organizaciones depende de las buenas prácticas del gobierno corporativo, por tal motivo este estudio se ha detenido a evaluar los niveles de interiorización del modelo por parte de los directivos quienes a su vez son asociados. Se ha planteado una investigación de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, con análisis inferencial, utilizando pruebas de hipótesis de chi-cuadrado.Abstract:
This work presents the analysis of the relationship
between Corporate Governance and the performance of the administration and
control bodies in non-profit entities, in this case, employee funds, which, in
turn, belong to the whole of solidarity economy organizations. Regarding
employee funds, we find that the first ones arose in Colombia between the 19th
and 20th centuries with the purpose of generating immediate relief for the
worker in obtaining cash flow and thus meeting his needs without resorting to
the multiple demands to acquire a loan with traditional financial institutions.
Over time, this associative model, “employee fund”, has proven to be novel and
relevant to be replicated in different countries; however, it is necessary to
highlight that its successful applicability depends on good corporate
governance practices, since, through them, the transparency of the decisions
made by its managers and the participation of its social base are guaranteed.
For this reason, the present study has stopped to evaluate the levels of
internalization of the model by the members who occupy management and control
positions, who are simultaneously associates of the entity, which allows
analyzing the degree of appropriation and praxis of the model in the everyday
of employee funds.
Regarding the methodology used in this study, the
research focuses on the quantitative aspect of the scientific method, according
to Hernández (2018), which allowed describing the phenomenon of the role of
corporate governance in employee funds, who are part of the private sector. of
the Colombian solidarity system, from the quantitative perspective, combining
descriptive, univariate and bivariate analysis, this being a non-longitudinal
study. In order to comply in the investigation with the premises of the
precision and generalization of the results, the instruments used were the
records of databases on employee funds in Pereira and Colombia, in addition to
the survey applied to associates of the funds of employees, based on a
non-probability sample. The investigation was carried out with a population of
26 employee funds, the sample being the same number of these solidarity sector
entities that operate in the city of Pereira; the information was obtained from
the database of the Superintendence of Solidarity Economy for the year 2017.
The results obtained through this study made it
possible to identify that the knowledge of the statutes is deficient, which
generates concern, since it is in them that we find the duties and rights of
the associates as key elements for their participation in the administration
and control bodies, for they clarify that associates are on equal terms to
assume management positions, such as the board of directors and the social
control committee, because the statutes are based on the principles of
solidarity: self-management, autonomy, equity , democracy, education, mutual
aid, transparency, cooperation between entities and commitment to the
community.
We also found that the managers of the employee funds
consider that the associates have a lack of knowledge of the strategic
direction, a situation that can influence the achievement of the objectives set
by the entity, since, visualizing the importance of education and training of
associates regarding their responsibilities -derived from the duties and rights
to be part of the governing body of employee funds- will have consequences in
decision making. Therefore, the low periodicity in the training offered to the
social base has an effect on the level of performance of the entity, since they
carry out the study and internalization of the statutes, strategic management
and other skills that complement the suitability of the associate and prepare
him to be an apt individual to carry out the managerial positions or the
different committees.
Another significant result was the disinterest and low
participation of associates in the different training calls offered by
managers, which leads us to question whether people are aware of the economic
model in which they are participating. This result is also related to the
apathy of the associates in being part of the governing bodies, a situation
that does not generate a balance in the alternation of governance, which can
lead to unfavorable results for the entity, such as the loss of financial
resources, sanctions by the control and surveillance entities, biased
decisions, among others. It was also learned that after four years of the
circular letter containing the Guide suggested by the Superintendence of
Solidarity Economy on good corporate governance, some managers stated that they
did not know it, a situation that sets off alarms, because it is a tool to
mitigate the risks derived from decision-making by the members of the board of
directors and the social control committee.
The conclusions that come from this research show that
the issue of corporate governance has been a permanent concern for different
types of organizations worldwide because it is a fundamental pillar for any
type of company -be it public or private, lucrative or non-profit- for the
achievement of its objectives, the protection of assets and business success.
The research made it possible to identify that
managers are aware of the responsibility that is generated in decision-making,
since these are resources that are not their own, but of a group of people who
have decided to trust the solidarity system. It should also be noted that there
is still ignorance on the part of associates about strategic direction as an
instrument that allows organizations to draw up plans to achieve their
objectives. This result is related to the perception that managers have
regarding associates, where they state that there is a certain apathy on their
part when they get involved and participate in the calls made by the entity,
whether it is educational or organizational. This situation hinders the
disclosure and knowledge that they must have about the entity and the role that
associates play within it. On the other hand, it should also be considered that
some managers stated that they did not know the regulations issued by the
Superintendence of Solidarity Economy related to corporate governance, a
scenario that highlights the vulnerability of these organizations because their
purpose is to ensure that all those who do part of the management and
administration act transparently, truthfully and responsibly towards investors,
in our case the associates.
This study emphasized
solidarity economy entities, especially in the model of employee funds that
were studied against the application of good corporate governance. Colombia has
been involved in financial scandals and even the closure of entities where
capital losses have been in the millions, leaving behind distrust in the
solidarity sector and the patrimonial detriment of its associates. As
mentioned, these companies have a special condition, and that is that the
associates, at the same time, are the owners, therefore, they will be the ones
who will exercise its administration, and the decisions adopted may affect the
entity at medium or long term.
Classification-JEL: R1
Keywords: Análisis Inferencial, Buen Gobierno, Economía Solidaria, Empresas Asociativas, Organizaciones Sin Ánimo de Lucro, Inferential Analysis, Good Governance, Solidarity Economy, Associative Companies, Non-Profit Organizations
Pages: 85-120
Volume: 1
Year: 2022
File-URL: http://www.revistaestudiosregionales.com/documentos/articulos/pdf-articulo-2626.pdf
File-Format: Application/pdf
Handle: RePEc:rer:articu:v:1:y:2022:p:85-120